원두표 元斗杓
Merit subject of the Injo Restoration who rose to Right and then Left State Councillor under Hyojong and Hyeonjong; pen name Tansu; posthumous title Chungik
| Life | 1593 ~ 1664 |
| Era | 조선 중기~후기 |
| Clan | 원주 원씨 |
Life & career
Won Du-pyo (1593-1664) was an official and merit subject of the mid-to-late Joseon period, a member of the Sijung-gong line of the Wonju Won clan, with courtesy name Jageon, pen names Tansu and Tanong, and posthumous title Chungik. His ancestors were Won Jung-nyuk (5th ancestor), Won Paeng-jo (1473-1542, Chungcheong army commander), Won Song-su, grandfather Won Ho and father Won Yu-nam. He was a pupil of Park Ji-gye, and his wife was of the Sakyeong Choe clan. His sons included Won Man-seok, Won Man-ri and Won Man-chun.
He took part with his father Won Yu-nam and others in the 1623 Injo Restoration, which overthrew Gwanghaegun, and for this became a second-class Jeongsa merit subject enfeoffed as Prince Pyeongwon (also called Prince Wonpyeong in some sources). For suppressing Yi Gwal's rebellion he became governor of Jeonju, and in the Manchu invasion of 1636 he escorted King Injo to Namhansanseong and later commanded the Eoyeongcheong. He then served as governor of Jeolla and Gyeongsang and as Minister of Punishments and Taxation.
Under Hyojong he held posts including Minister of Taxation and Works, Jwachamchan, Pan Uigeumbu, Gaeseong Magistrate and Minister of War before becoming Right State Councillor, and under Hyeonjong he became Left State Councillor. The Veritable Records state that the Kim Ja-jeom case was fabricated by him, a verdict that reflects the factional strife of the time. His Won faction was defeated by the Sandang and later absorbed by the Soron. He died in 1664, was buried in Yeoju, and his spirit-path stele was erected 102 years later. His grandson Won Mong-rin married Princess Sukgyeong, a daughter of King Hyojong, and Won In-son, who continued that household, later reached State Councillor rank.
Family and Education
His grandfather Won Ho was the Chungjang-gong of the Imjin War, his father Won Yu-nam a participant in the Restoration, and he studied under Park Ji-gye.
The Restoration and Yi Gwal's Rebellion
He became a second-class Jeongsa merit subject in 1623 and was made governor of Jeonju for suppressing the rebellion of Yi Gwal, who had himself been a Restoration figure dissatisfied with the rewards.
The 1636 Invasion and Military Posts
In the 1636 invasion he escorted King Injo to Namhansanseong and afterwards served as commander of the Eoyeongcheong.
State Councillor
He became Right State Councillor under Hyojong and Left State Councillor under Hyeonjong. The Veritable Records' account of the Kim Ja-jeom case and the later fall of his faction, absorbed into the Soron, illustrate the factionalism of the age.
Tomb and Descendants
His tomb site at Jangam-ri, Yeoju, is Gyeonggi Cultural Heritage Material No. 128. His grandson Won Mong-rin's tomb is at Sanggu-ri, Daesin-myeon.
Grave
His tomb is at Jangam-ri, Bungnae-myeon, Yeoju, with that of his grandfather Won Ho as the Won Ho and Won Du-pyo tomb site, designated Gyeonggi Cultural Heritage Material No. 128 on 17 May 2004, with stone furnishings including stele, offering table, incense stone, civil official figures and pillars.
Descendants
His grandson Won Mong-rin became husband of Princess Sukgyeong, and Won In-son, who continued that household, rose to Right State Councillor under Yeongjo. Some accounts also say the maternal families of Queen Jeongsun (Yeongjo's second wife) and Consort Yu-bin Park (mother of Sunjo) came from his line.