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Bon-gwan, Pa & Hangnyeol β€” Korean Clan Names Explained

Three ideas unlock any Korean family tree: bon-gwan, pa, and hangnyeol. Here is what they mean.

Bon-gwan (ancestral seat)

The bon-gwan is the ancestral home region of a clan's founder. Two people with the same surname but different bon-gwan belong to different lineages β€” e.g. Gimhae Kim and Gyeongju Kim are distinct clans.

Pa (branch)

A pa is a major branch within one bon-gwan, splitting off from a prominent ancestor as descendants multiply. Knowing your pa helps you locate your line within the jokbo quickly.

Hangnyeol & dollimja (generational names)

Hangnyeol is a system where everyone of the same generation shares a character in their given name (the dollimja). A clan's hangnyeol chart assigns a set character per generation, often cycling through the five elements. From the shared character alone, you can tell whether someone is an elder or a junior generation.

Organize it on JokboWorld

On JokboWorld, enter each person's bon-gwan and branch, link parents and children, and generations arrange automatically β€” far faster than drawing by hand.

FAQ

What is the difference between a surname and a bon-gwan?

The surname is the family name; the bon-gwan is the ancestral region the clan's founder came from. Same surname + different bon-gwan means a different lineage.

What is a dollimja?

A shared given-name character used by everyone of the same generation, so you can identify generational rank from the name.

Related guides

How to Trace Your Korean Ancestors with Jejeok RecordsKorean government family registers (jejeok deungbon) let you verify ancestors back about 5 generations (to your great-great-grandparents). Learn what they are, how to request them, and how the jokbo extends further.How to Make a Korean Family Tree Online (Free)A step-by-step guide to building your Korean family tree online for free: add people, link parents/children/spouses, record bon-gwan and hangnyeol, export a PDF, and invite family.
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